"HOUSE OF EAGLES"
Cuauhtinchan is a Nahuatl word that means "House of Eagles".
Among the wildebeest (Mixtec) he was known as Huai yaha: "House of the eagle."
Former Franciscan convent of Cuauhtinchan
The tlacuilos
scribes, painters, writers or wise men
The current copy of the Map of Cuauhtinchan II was painted by the Tlacuilos of the town of
Cuauhtinchan, Puebla, in the 16th century.
In the first half of the 16th century, a group of native Pinome (Pinopan Tlatocayo) lords from Cuauhtinchan ordered the preparation of this cartographic document to present it to the courts and thus legitimize their territory in disputes with neighboring and Spanish communities. However, the historical content as well as the mythical, mathematical and ritual logic represented in the painting denotes that the Map of Cuauhtinchan II is based on documents from the pre-Hispanic period.
The Map of Cuauhtinchan II was painted on several sheets of amate paper joined together, it measures 109 cm high x 204 cm long, in its original conception only indigenous pigments and dyes were used, but later European iron gall inks were added to write the names "Cuauhtinchan", "Tepeyac" and "Tecalli", so it is categorically affirmed that its manufacture is clearly with pre-Hispanic techniques. At the moment it is preserved, in an open flat format, since the continuous folding and unfolding caused the formation of creasing reticules marked by folds. This form of manipulation caused damage to the codex, caused breaks and the loss of details in certain areas; In addition, the paper support was attacked by insects: silverfish and woodworm. On June 24, 1963, the National Institute of Anthropology and History declared it a "historical monument" of the nation.
The story of the Map of Cuauhtinchan II begins in Cholula when a group of Toltecs travel to Chicomoztoc to establish an alliance with Chichimec tribes and thus begin a sacred war sponsored by star deities who bless them with the reconquest of Cholula and the founding of the manor. by Cuauhtinchan.
In the 12th century the Cuauhtinchan manor was founded, at the end of the war between the Toltec - Chichimecas and the native tribes of the Sierra de Amozoc.
The sacred foundation cave is located on the Itzcueye hill:
"The one with a flint skirt", that is, personifies the goddess who guided their migration and protected them.
CODE ON THE
FOUNDATION OF CUAUHTINCHAN
The lordship of Cuauhtinchan was established on the Sierra de Amozoc and its surroundings, later during the viceroyalty of New Spain the town was reorganized around the ex-convent of San Juan Bautista.
Click on the images
to see its details
By the 14th century, an alliance of lordships from the Coixtlahuaca valley subdued Cuauhtinchan and his allies, establishing a different hegemonic link.
In the 14th century, the Mixtec-Popoloca manor houses of the Coixtlahuaca Valley subdued Cuauhtinchan and his allies, taking their women as wives to establish new dynasties.
At the end of the 14th century, Tlatelolco subdued Cuauhtinchan, as a trophy he took captives to offer them in his main temple.
Later Cuauhtinchan joined the tributary province of Tepeyacac, after Tenochtitlán and its allies from the basin of Mexico conquered the region in 1466.
Axayacatl, the ruler of Tenochtitlan, established the boundaries of Cuauhtinchan, Tepeyacac, Tecamachalco, Tecalco, and Queholac.
In the Map of Cuauhtinchan II, they are indicated by red lines, or the landmarks are represented.